Murshid Hidayat Inayat-Khan
Murshid Hidayat Inayat-Khan
国际苏菲运动主席希达雅特因纳雅堪简介
Hidayat Inayat-Khan, son of the Indian mystic and musician Hazrat Inayat Khan and Pirani Ameena Begum Ora Ray Baker Inayat- Khan of Albuquerque, New Mexico, was born into a family of most remarkable personalities. Hidayat's great-great grandfather was Tipu Sultan, the 'Tiger of Mysore', last Supreme Potentate of All India, whose palace on the fortified island of Sering Pathan was guarded by living tigers. The great Sultan's principle, in resisting the English conquerors to the death, was, 'Better to live one day as a tiger than one year as a sheep'. The Sultan's citadel was destroyed in a historic battle, and one of his sons was killed in the mutiny of 1857, leaving a daughter, the Princess of Mysore, who was miraculously saved and raised in secret within the precincts of what used to be the citadel. Later she became the bride of India's most famous singer and musician, Mula Bux, who was universally known as 'The Morning Star of the East' and was raised to the rank of princehood by the ruling Raja.
希达雅特因纳雅堪，印度音乐家和神秘家哈兹拉特因纳雅堪及皮拉尼安美娜贝仙的儿子，出生在新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基城一个显赫的家族中。希达雅特的曾祖父，是著名的铁普苏丹，号称迈索尔之虎，是全印最后一位土邦王公，他的宫殿位于一座被强悍的阿富汗人及一群老虎护卫的岛上。这位伟大苏丹，宁为玉碎不为瓦全，在抵抗英国人侵略时牺牲，苏丹的堡垒在一场著名的战役中被攻破，他的儿子也在1857年的反英活动中被杀，留下一个女儿，迈索尔的公主，她奇迹般的在灭族惨案中生还并在宫殿的废墟里长大。后来她成为印度最著名的音乐家和歌手，穆拉布克斯的新娘，他以“东方的晨星”而著称，并被授予王公的待遇。
Mula Bux founded the first Academy of Music in India, and also invented the music notation system bearing his name. He restored the fundamentals of Indian classical traditions in all fields of music, and in so doing received rewards and recognition from monarchs all over India. The first royal child to be born from his union with the Princess of Mysore was a daughter called Khatidja, who later became the mother of Inayat Khan.
穆拉布克斯创建了印度第一所音乐学院，并且发明了一套以他的名字命名的音乐符号。他复兴了印度古典传统音乐，因此受到印度各王公的欢迎和赏识。他与迈索尔公主所生的第一个女儿叫做卡提达，就是因纳雅堪的母亲。
Professor Inayat Khan was also the greatest singer, vina player and composer in his time, and was crowned as 'Tansen' at the courts of the Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Maheboob Ali Khan, known as the 'Saintly King'. It was this great Nizam who granted Hidayat's father all the necessary help in breathing new life into India's most sacred music and propagating it across India. Professor Inayat Khan was also the author of several books on Indian music, in particular Minca-I-Musicar, in which several songs of the author's own composition are published in the Mula Bux notation. Another ancestor of Hidayat's was Saint Jumma Shah from Punjab, whose holy tomb near Lahore is still visited by numerous pilgrims in homage and gratitude for the inspiration which radiates from his shrine. It is from this sacred spot that Hazrat Inayat Khan started out in 1901 on his musical travels, in the course of which he was royally welcomed by Maharajas and Nawabs all over India.
因纳雅堪教授也是一位伟大的歌手，维纳琴专家和作曲家，并被海德拉巴的尼匝姆王赐予“Tansen”的称号，尼匝姆王被誉为圣王。尼匝姆王赐予因纳雅堪一切所需帮助他复兴印度传统音乐并在全印搜集这类音乐。因纳雅堪教授也是若干印度音乐书的作者，特别是Minca-I-Musicar，里面很多乐章都是以穆拉布克斯乐符标注的。希达雅特的另一系祖先可以追溯到旁遮普的圣居玛沙，他靠近拉合尔的坟墓迄今仍是许多朝圣者来寻求宗教灵感的圣地。1910年因纳雅堪也正是从此地开始他的玄妙之旅，在这里他被迎以圣者之礼。
Hidayat's father was also the first Indian musician to introduce Indian classical music to the Western world. He landed in America in 1910, after which he gave concerts of Indian music all over the world. His music was deeply appreciated by the Tsar of Russia, in whose palace he met Count Tolstoy and the famous Russian composer Scriabin. Later concerts were organized in Paris by Lucien Guitry, father of Sacha Guitry, and it was also in Paris that he became acquainted with Claude Debussy, to whom many of his own melodies were given, some of which were used in his scores. Hazrat Inayat Khan settled in London during the First World War, and it was here, in 1917 that Hidayat was born, the third of, ultimately, four children. In 1919, Hazrat Inayat Khan moved with his family to the continent, eventually settling in the Parisian suburb of Suresnes, in a large house which he named Fazal Manzil, 'blessed home'. In his early years, Hidayat's life had an extraordinary, almost fairy-tale quality, for he was surrounded by the atmosphere of his remarkable father and most loving mother, and there was a constant stream of visitors coming to their home, drawn by the twin magnets of music and the Sufi Message. Sadly, those magical days ended abruptly when Hazrat Inayat Khan passed away during a visit to India, in 1927, at the age of 45. Hidayat was 10 years old.
希达雅特的父亲因纳雅堪，是第一位向西方介绍印度古典音乐的音乐家。1910年他抵达美国，稍后他在全世界巡回表演印度音乐。他的音乐受到俄国沙皇的赞誉，在沙皇的宫殿，因纳雅堪与作家托尔斯泰及作曲家斯科瑞亚宾结识。后来吕西安帮助他在巴黎举行了演奏会，吕西安是莎夏的父亲。也就是在巴黎因纳雅堪结识了德彪西，后者给了他很多乐章，其中一些因纳雅堪融进自己的演奏之中。一次大战的时候，因纳雅堪住在伦敦，就是此时的1917年，希达雅特出生了，他是因纳雅堪家里的第三个，事实上是第四个孩子。1919年，希达雅特随家里迁往欧陆，住在巴黎郊区的苏荷斯纳，一个叫做法载勒曼兹尔（福佑之屋）的大宅子里。希达雅特童话一般的童年，被父亲因纳雅堪的显著灵性氛围、母亲的爱以及络绎不绝的来访者所环绕，学习音乐和苏菲这一对双生学问。不幸的是，这种童话般的生活在哈兹拉特因纳雅堪去世时结束了，那年是1927年，因纳雅堪45岁，而希达雅特年方10岁。
Because of his family, Hidayat was cradled in the atmosphere of Eastern music. However, his musical schooling in the West helped orient him toward the symphonic form. His Western musical education started at L'Ecole Normale de Musique in Paris, in the violin class of Mr. Sinsheimer and the composition courses of Nadia Boulanger, as well as training in orchestra conducting given by the great Diran Alexanian. He later joined the string quartet courses given by the world-famous Lener Quartet, which was followed by instruction in orchestra conducting under Toon Verheij in Holland.
正因为他的家庭，希达雅特生活在东方音乐的摇篮中。而且，他试图将这种音乐以西方的交响乐形式表现出来。他的西方音乐生涯开始于巴黎的lecole中心，师从辛舍莫先生学习小提琴演奏，同时向纳迪雅先生学习音乐创作，著名的音乐家迪兰埃里克仙则教授他管弦乐。后来他在弦乐四重奏乐团学习，这个乐团是伟大的音乐家Toon Verheij在荷兰创建的。
During his early years, Hidayat was a professor in the Music School of Dieulefit, Drome, France, and later conducted an orchestra in Haarlem, Holland. Hidayat has written numerous compositions, among them La Monotonia Op. 13 for strings - Ghandi Symphony Op. 25 - Zikar Symphony with organ Op. 26 - Message Symphony with organ Op. 30 - Virginia Symphonic Poem Op. 44 - Concerto for strings Op 38 - Quartet for Strings Op. 45 - and a number of choral pieces including Chanson Exotique, Awake for Morning, and a collection of Sufi hymns. He is a founding member of the European Composers' Union, and his music has frequently been broadcast internationally, as well as being released commercially by Panta Rhei of Holland.
希达雅特早年是Dieulefi音乐学院的教授，后来他管理着荷兰哈勒姆的一个乐团。他创作了很多乐章填以苏菲诗歌，多次在国际场合演出。他也是欧洲作曲家协会的创办者，他的音乐常被用在广播中，并且由荷兰的Panta Rhei代理。
In 1988, Hidayat Inayat-Khan assumed the role of Representative-General of the International Sufi Movement and Pir-o-Murshid of its Inner School. He divides his time between Holland and Germany, and travels extensively, giving classes and lectures on Sufism.
1988年，希达雅特因纳雅堪开始在国际苏菲运动中扮演重要角色，他成为这个道统的大筛海。他时常在荷兰与德国之间穿梭，也经常在世界各地开办苏菲课程或给予苏菲学理的演讲。
